Dog Breed Guide

Belgian Malinois

Profile

Size

Medium - Large

Country of origin

Belgium

Origin

19th century

Bred for

Sheep herding, Police dog, Military dog

Height

male 60 - 66cm (24 - 26in), female 56 - 62cm (22 - 24in)

Weight

male 25 - 30kg (55 - 66lb), female 20 - 25kg (44 - 55lb)

Life span

12 - 14 years

The short-haired variety of the four types of Belgian Shepherd Dog, fawn with a black mask. It resembles the German Shepherd but is a size smaller and lighter, with a lean, tight build.

It has the strongest work drive and the quickest mind of the four types. With seemingly tireless energy and the focus to respond instantly to its handler's commands, it works for police and armed forces around the world. Its loyalty to its family is extremely strong.

Because it is so capable, it easily develops stress-related behavior problems if it does not get enough exercise or work. As a family dog it is a breed for experienced owners, and only for those who can set aside plenty of time every day for exercise and training.

Good to know

The breed takes its name from the Belgian city of Mechelen (Malines in French). It is a short-haired type developed from the local sheepdogs and was long used to guard livestock and work on farms.

Today it is known as one of the finest military and police dogs in the world. In 2011, when US Navy SEALs raided Osama bin Laden's hideout, a Malinois named Cairo went with them. After the mission, Cairo even met President Barack Obama.

In the 2019 raid that cornered the leader of the Islamic State group, a Malinois named Conan played a key role and was invited to the White House by President Donald Trump as a "hero." Its abilities have also led to its use by the Secret Service, which protects the US president.